Spatiotemporal distribution of airborne elements monitored with the moss bags technique in the Greater Thriasion Plain, Attica, Greece

dc.contributor.author	Saitanis, CJ	en
dc.contributor.author	Frontasyeva, MV	en
dc.contributor.author	Steinnes, E	en
dc.contributor.author	Palmer, MW	en
dc.contributor.author	Ostrovnaya, TM	en
dc.contributor.author	Gundorina, SF	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-06-06T06:52:50Z
dc.date.available	2014-06-06T06:52:50Z
dc.date.issued	2013	en
dc.identifier.issn	01676369	en
dc.identifier.uri	http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10661-012-2606-0	en
dc.identifier.uri	http://62.217.125.90/xmlui/handle/123456789/6205
dc.subject	Aluminum	en
dc.subject	Antimony	en
dc.subject	Arsenic	en
dc.subject	Barium	en
dc.subject	Bromine	en
dc.subject	Calcium	en
dc.subject	Chlorine	en
dc.subject	Chromium	en
dc.subject	Cobalt	en
dc.subject	Heavy metals	en
dc.subject	Iodine	en
dc.subject	Iron	en
dc.subject	Lanthanum	en
dc.subject	Manganese	en
dc.subject	Mercury	en
dc.subject	Molybdenum	en
dc.subject	Nickel	en
dc.subject	Pollution	en
dc.subject	Scandium	en
dc.subject	Selenium	en
dc.subject	Sodium	en
dc.subject	Strontium	en
dc.subject	Titanium	en
dc.subject	Uranium	en
dc.subject	Vanadium	en
dc.subject	Zinc	en
dc.subject.other	Ambient air	en
dc.subject.other	Common source	en
dc.subject.other	Higher loads	en
dc.subject.other	Highly-correlated	en
dc.subject.other	Industrial zones	en
dc.subject.other	Monitoring stations	en
dc.subject.other	Moss-bags	en
dc.subject.other	Pearson correlation	en
dc.subject.other	Redundancy analysis	en
dc.subject.other	Spatial patterns	en
dc.subject.other	Spatiotemporal distributions	en
dc.subject.other	Sphagnum girgensohnii	en
dc.subject.other	Temporal variation	en
dc.subject.other	Volatilization process	en
dc.subject.other	Activation analysis	en
dc.subject.other	Aluminum	en
dc.subject.other	Antimony	en
dc.subject.other	Arsenic	en
dc.subject.other	Barium	en
dc.subject.other	Bromine	en
dc.subject.other	Calcium	en
dc.subject.other	Chlorine	en
dc.subject.other	Chromium	en
dc.subject.other	Cobalt	en
dc.subject.other	Hafnium	en
dc.subject.other	Heavy metals	en
dc.subject.other	Iodine	en
dc.subject.other	Iron	en
dc.subject.other	Lanthanum	en
dc.subject.other	Leaching	en
dc.subject.other	Manganese	en
dc.subject.other	Mercury (metal)	en
dc.subject.other	Molybdenum	en
dc.subject.other	Nickel	en
dc.subject.other	Pollution	en
dc.subject.other	Scandium	en
dc.subject.other	Selenium	en
dc.subject.other	Sodium	en
dc.subject.other	Spatial distribution	en
dc.subject.other	Titanium	en
dc.subject.other	Uranium	en
dc.subject.other	Vanadium	en
dc.subject.other	Ytterbium	en
dc.subject.other	Zinc	en
dc.subject.other	Strontium	en
dc.subject.other	aluminum	en
dc.subject.other	antimony	en
dc.subject.other	arsenic	en
dc.subject.other	barium	en
dc.subject.other	bromine	en
dc.subject.other	calcium	en
dc.subject.other	cerium	en
dc.subject.other	chloride	en
dc.subject.other	chromium	en
dc.subject.other	cobalt	en
dc.subject.other	dysprosium	en
dc.subject.other	hafnium	en
dc.subject.other	iodine	en
dc.subject.other	iron	en
dc.subject.other	lanthanum	en
dc.subject.other	manganese	en
dc.subject.other	mercury	en
dc.subject.other	molybdenum	en
dc.subject.other	nickel	en
dc.subject.other	samarium	en
dc.subject.other	scandium	en
dc.subject.other	selenium	en
dc.subject.other	sodium	en
dc.subject.other	strontium	en
dc.subject.other	terbium	en
dc.subject.other	titanium	en
dc.subject.other	unindexed drug	en
dc.subject.other	vanadium	en
dc.subject.other	ytterbium	en
dc.subject.other	zinc	en
dc.subject.other	atmospheric pollution	en
dc.subject.other	heavy metal	en
dc.subject.other	moss	en
dc.subject.other	pollution monitoring	en
dc.subject.other	spatial distribution	en
dc.subject.other	temporal distribution	en
dc.subject.other	air monitoring	en
dc.subject.other	air pollution	en
dc.subject.other	air quality	en
dc.subject.other	ambient air	en
dc.subject.other	article	en
dc.subject.other	bioaccumulation	en
dc.subject.other	concentration (parameters)	en
dc.subject.other	environmental exposure	en
dc.subject.other	geographic distribution	en
dc.subject.other	Greece	en
dc.subject.other	leaching	en
dc.subject.other	pollution monitoring	en
dc.subject.other	Sphagnum	en
dc.subject.other	Sphagnum girgensohnii	en
dc.subject.other	volatilization	en
dc.subject.other	Air Pollutants	en
dc.subject.other	Air Pollution	en
dc.subject.other	Bryophyta	en
dc.subject.other	Environmental Monitoring	en
dc.subject.other	Greece	en
dc.subject.other	Seasons	en
dc.subject.other	Spatio-Temporal Analysis	en
dc.subject.other	Attica	en
dc.subject.other	Greece	en
dc.subject.other	Bryophyta	en
dc.subject.other	Sphagnum girgensohnii	en
dc.title	Spatiotemporal distribution of airborne elements monitored with the moss bags technique in the Greater Thriasion Plain, Attica, Greece	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1007/s10661-012-2606-0	en
heal.publicationDate	2013	en
heal.abstract	The well-known moss bags technique was applied in the heavily polluted Thriasion Plain region, Attica, Greece, in order to study the spatiotemporal distribution, in the atmosphere, of the following 32 elements: Na, Al, Cl, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Co, Zn, As, Se, Br, Sr, Mo, Sb, I, Ba, La, Ce, Sm, Tb, Dy, Yb, Hf, Ta, Hg, Th, and U. The moss bags were constituted of Sphagnum girgensohnii materials. The bags were exposed to ambient air in a network of 12 monitoring stations scattered throughout the monitoring area. In order to explore the temporal variation of the pollutants, four sets of moss bags were exposed for 3, 6, 9, and 12 months. Instrumental neutral activation analysis was used for the determinations of the elements. The data were analyzed using the Pearson correlations, the partial redundancy analysis, and the biplot statistical methods. Some pairs of elements were highly correlated indicating a probable common source of origin. The levels of the measured pollutants were unevenly distributed throughout the area and different pollutants exhibited different spatial patterns. In general, higher loads were observed in the stations close to and within the industrial zone. Most of the measured elements (e.g., Al, Ca, Ni, I, Zn, Cr, and As) exhibited a monotonic accumulation trend over time. Some elements exhibited different dynamics. The elements Mn, Mo, and Hg showed a decreasing trend, probably due to leaching and/or volatilization processes over time. Na and Br initially showed an increasing trend during the winter and early spring periods but decreased drastically during the late warm period. The results further suggest that the moss bags technique would be considered valuable for the majority of elements but should be used with caution in the cases of elements vulnerable to leaching and/or volatilization. It also suggests that the timing and the duration of the exposure of moss materials should be considered in the interpretation of the results. © 2012 Springer Science+Business Media B.V.	en
heal.journalName	Environmental Monitoring and Assessment	en
dc.identifier.issue	1	en
dc.identifier.volume	185	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1007/s10661-012-2606-0	en
dc.identifier.spage	955	en
dc.identifier.epage	968	en