Trace metal contents in wild edible mushrooms growing on serpentine and volcanic soils on the island of Lesvos, Greece

dc.contributor.author	Aloupi, M	en
dc.contributor.author	Koutrotsios, G	en
dc.contributor.author	Koulousaris, M	en
dc.contributor.author	Kalogeropoulos, N	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-06-06T06:52:10Z
dc.date.available	2014-06-06T06:52:10Z
dc.date.issued	2012	en
dc.identifier.issn	01476513	en
dc.identifier.uri	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.11.018	en
dc.identifier.uri	http://62.217.125.90/xmlui/handle/123456789/5882
dc.subject	Greece	en
dc.subject	Serpentine soil	en
dc.subject	Trace metal	en
dc.subject	Volcanic soil	en
dc.subject	Wild edible mushroom	en
dc.subject.other	cadmium	en
dc.subject.other	chromium	en
dc.subject.other	copper	en
dc.subject.other	iron	en
dc.subject.other	lead	en
dc.subject.other	manganese	en
dc.subject.other	nickel	en
dc.subject.other	serpentine	en
dc.subject.other	trace metal	en
dc.subject.other	zinc	en
dc.subject.other	atomic absorption spectroscopy	en
dc.subject.other	bioaccumulation	en
dc.subject.other	biological uptake	en
dc.subject.other	chemical composition	en
dc.subject.other	concentration (composition)	en
dc.subject.other	health impact	en
dc.subject.other	mushroom	en
dc.subject.other	serpentine	en
dc.subject.other	soil chemistry	en
dc.subject.other	substrate	en
dc.subject.other	trace metal	en
dc.subject.other	volcanic soil	en
dc.subject.other	analytical parameters	en
dc.subject.other	article	en
dc.subject.other	atomic absorption spectrometry	en
dc.subject.other	bioaccumulation	en
dc.subject.other	bioconcentration factor	en
dc.subject.other	chemical analysis	en
dc.subject.other	chemical composition	en
dc.subject.other	concentration (parameters)	en
dc.subject.other	controlled study	en
dc.subject.other	dry weight	en
dc.subject.other	edible mushroom	en
dc.subject.other	Europe	en
dc.subject.other	European Union	en
dc.subject.other	flame photometry	en
dc.subject.other	food intake	en
dc.subject.other	food safety	en
dc.subject.other	fungus growth	en
dc.subject.other	Greece	en
dc.subject.other	island (geological)	en
dc.subject.other	Lactarius deliciosus	en
dc.subject.other	Lactarius sanguifuus	en
dc.subject.other	Lactarius semisanguifluus	en
dc.subject.other	nonhuman	en
dc.subject.other	reference value	en
dc.subject.other	Russula delica	en
dc.subject.other	soil	en
dc.subject.other	soil chemistry	en
dc.subject.other	Suillus bellinii	en
dc.subject.other	Turkey (republic)	en
dc.subject.other	volcanic soil	en
dc.subject.other	wild edible mushroom	en
dc.subject.other	Agaricales	en
dc.subject.other	Environmental Monitoring	en
dc.subject.other	Environmental Pollution	en
dc.subject.other	Geography	en
dc.subject.other	Greece	en
dc.subject.other	Humans	en
dc.subject.other	Metals	en
dc.subject.other	Soil	en
dc.subject.other	Soil Pollutants	en
dc.subject.other	Spectrophotometry, Atomic	en
dc.subject.other	Aegean Islands	en
dc.subject.other	Greece	en
dc.subject.other	Lesbos	en
dc.subject.other	Northern Aegean	en
dc.subject.other	Basidiomycota	en
dc.subject.other	Lactarius	en
dc.subject.other	Lactarius deliciosus	en
dc.subject.other	Lactarius sanguifluus	en
dc.subject.other	Lactarius semisanguifluus	en
dc.subject.other	Russula delica	en
dc.subject.other	Suillus bellinii	en
dc.title	Trace metal contents in wild edible mushrooms growing on serpentine and volcanic soils on the island of Lesvos, Greece	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.11.018	en
heal.publicationDate	2012	en
heal.abstract	The objectives of this survey were (1) to assess for the first time the Cd, Cu, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn contents in wild edible mushrooms (Russula delica, Lactarius sanguifluus, Lactarius semisanguifluus, Lactarius deliciosus, Suillus bellinii) from the island of Lesvos, (2) to investigate the metals' variability among the species, as well as in relation to the chemical composition of the underlying soil, comparing mushrooms collected from volcanic and serpentine substrates and (3) to estimate metal intake by the consumption of the mushrooms under consideration. The trace metals in 139 samples were determined by flame or flameless atomic absorption spectroscopy. The median metal concentrations were as follows: Cd: 0.14; Cr: 0.10; Cu: 8.51; Fe: 30.3; Mn: 5.26; Ni: 0.34; Pb: 0.093 and Zn: 64.50, all in mgkg -1 dry weight. The observed concentrations are among the lowest reported for mushrooms from Europe or Turkey, while Pb and Cd values did not exceed the limits set by the European Union. Significant species- and substrate-related differences in the metal contents were found, but the variability did not follow a uniform pattern for all the metals in all mushroom species. As a general trend, the mushrooms growing in serpentine sites contained higher Cd, Cr and Ni than those from volcanic sites. The calculated bioconcentration factors (BCFs) showed that none of the mushrooms can be regarded as a metal bioaccumulator, although BCF values slightly above unity were found for Zn in the three Lactarius species, and for Cu in R. delica.The studied mushrooms could supply considerable amounts of essential metals such as Zn and Cr. On the other hand, the consumption of R. delica collected from volcanic soils could provide 12% of the Cd daily tolerable intake and as high as 53% when collected from serpentine soils. Nonetheless, our results indicate that the regular consumption of wild edible mushrooms from Lesvos is quite safe for human health. © 2011 Elsevier Inc.	en
heal.journalName	Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety	en
dc.identifier.volume	78	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1016/j.ecoenv.2011.11.018	en
dc.identifier.spage	184	en
dc.identifier.epage	194	en