Temperature and diet effects on immature development of predatory mite Typhlodromus athenas Swirski and Ragusa (Acari: Phyotseiidae)

dc.contributor.author	Kolokytha, PD	en
dc.contributor.author	Fantinou, AA	en
dc.contributor.author	Papadoulis, GT	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-06-06T06:51:03Z
dc.date.available	2014-06-06T06:51:03Z
dc.date.issued	2011	en
dc.identifier.issn	0046225X	en
dc.identifier.uri	http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/EN11098	en
dc.identifier.uri	http://62.217.125.90/xmlui/handle/123456789/5292
dc.subject	Development	en
dc.subject	Food	en
dc.subject	Temperature	en
dc.subject	Typhlodromus athenas	en
dc.subject.other	adaptation	en
dc.subject.other	biological control	en
dc.subject.other	data set	en
dc.subject.other	diet	en
dc.subject.other	food availability	en
dc.subject.other	food quality	en
dc.subject.other	growth rate	en
dc.subject.other	herbivore	en
dc.subject.other	maturation	en
dc.subject.other	Mediterranean environment	en
dc.subject.other	mite	en
dc.subject.other	numerical model	en
dc.subject.other	nut	en
dc.subject.other	pollen	en
dc.subject.other	survival	en
dc.subject.other	temperature effect	en
dc.subject.other	temperature tolerance	en
dc.subject.other	Acari	en
dc.subject.other	animal	en
dc.subject.other	article	en
dc.subject.other	female	en
dc.subject.other	food chain	en
dc.subject.other	growth, development and aging	en
dc.subject.other	male	en
dc.subject.other	nymph	en
dc.subject.other	pollen	en
dc.subject.other	predation	en
dc.subject.other	Prunus	en
dc.subject.other	temperature	en
dc.subject.other	Acari	en
dc.subject.other	Animals	en
dc.subject.other	Female	en
dc.subject.other	Food Chain	en
dc.subject.other	Male	en
dc.subject.other	Nymph	en
dc.subject.other	Pollen	en
dc.subject.other	Predatory Behavior	en
dc.subject.other	Prunus	en
dc.subject.other	Temperature	en
dc.subject.other	Acari	en
dc.subject.other	Araneae	en
dc.subject.other	Hexapoda	en
dc.subject.other	Prunus	en
dc.subject.other	Prunus dulcis	en
dc.subject.other	Tetranychidae	en
dc.subject.other	Tetranychus urticae	en
dc.subject.other	Typhlodromus athenas	en
dc.title	Temperature and diet effects on immature development of predatory mite Typhlodromus athenas Swirski and Ragusa (Acari: Phyotseiidae)	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1603/EN11098	en
heal.publicationDate	2011	en
heal.abstract	Temperature and food quality both can influence growth rates and developmental time of herbivorous insects and mites. Typhlodromus athenas Swirski and Ragusa is an indigenous mite in the Mediterranean region and data on its temperature dependent development are lacking. In the current study, temperature-dependent development and survival of T. athenas immature stages were evaluated on eggs and all stages of Tetranychus urticae Koch, as well as on almond (Prunus amygdalis Batsch) pollen, under seven constant temperatures ranging from 15 to 35°C, 65% RH, and a photoperiod of 16:8 (L:D) h. On both diets survival was considerably high at all temperatures. The longest developmental period of immature stages was recorded at 15°C, whereas the shortest was at 30°C Female immatures on almond pollen had shorter developmental time compared to that on twospotted spider mites. Food had a significant effect on female total developmental time at temperatures lower than 25°C The lower developmental thresholds, estimated by a linear model, for egg-to-adult of females and males fed on pollen were 8.60 and 8.77°C, respectively, whereas on T. urticae they were 10.15 and 10.62°C, respectively. Higher values of tmin for total development were estimated by a nonlinear model (Lactin-2), and ranged from 10.21°C for both females and males on almond, to 11.07 for females and 10.78°C for males on prey. Moreover, this model estimated optimal and lethal temperatures accurately. The results of this study indicate that T. athenas appears better adapted to higher temperatures that occur in the Mediterranean region and may be a useful biological control agent. © 2011 Entomological Society of America.	en
heal.journalName	Environmental Entomology	en
dc.identifier.issue	6	en
dc.identifier.volume	40	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1603/EN11098	en
dc.identifier.spage	1577	en
dc.identifier.epage	1584	en