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Acid tolerance of Streptococcus macedonicus as assessed by flow cytometry and single-cell sorting

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dc.contributor.author Papadimitriou, K en
dc.contributor.author Pratsinis, H en
dc.contributor.author Nebe-Von-Caron, G en
dc.contributor.author Kletsas, D en
dc.contributor.author Tsakalidou, E en
dc.date.accessioned 2014-06-06T06:47:35Z
dc.date.available 2014-06-06T06:47:35Z
dc.date.issued 2007 en
dc.identifier.issn 00992240 en
dc.identifier.uri http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/AEM.01244-06 en
dc.identifier.uri http://62.217.125.90/xmlui/handle/123456789/3696
dc.subject.other Bacteria en
dc.subject.other Cells en
dc.subject.other Cloning en
dc.subject.other Fluorescence en
dc.subject.other Iodine compounds en
dc.subject.other pH effects en
dc.subject.other Probes en
dc.subject.other Sorting en
dc.subject.other Carboxyfluorescein en
dc.subject.other Clonal populations en
dc.subject.other Cytometric viability en
dc.subject.other Ratiometric analysis en
dc.subject.other Bioassay en
dc.subject.other adenosine triphosphatase en
dc.subject.other carboxyfluorescein en
dc.subject.other glucose en
dc.subject.other peptidoglycan en
dc.subject.other phosphoenolpyruvate en
dc.subject.other phosphotransferase en
dc.subject.other propidium iodide en
dc.subject.other vancomycin en
dc.subject.other acid en
dc.subject.other assay en
dc.subject.other bacterium en
dc.subject.other enzyme activity en
dc.subject.other flow cytometry en
dc.subject.other measurement method en
dc.subject.other microbial activity en
dc.subject.other tolerance en
dc.subject.other viability en
dc.subject.other acid tolerance en
dc.subject.other acidity en
dc.subject.other animal cell en
dc.subject.other article en
dc.subject.other bacterial cell en
dc.subject.other bacterial growth en
dc.subject.other cell clone en
dc.subject.other cell heterogeneity en
dc.subject.other cell selection en
dc.subject.other cell viability en
dc.subject.other cellular stress response en
dc.subject.other chemical composition en
dc.subject.other culture medium en
dc.subject.other enzyme inhibition en
dc.subject.other flow cytometry en
dc.subject.other fluorescence en
dc.subject.other gene induction en
dc.subject.other nonhuman en
dc.subject.other pH en
dc.subject.other phenotype en
dc.subject.other protein synthesis en
dc.subject.other Streptococcus en
dc.subject.other Streptococcus macedonicus en
dc.subject.other Adaptation, Physiological en
dc.subject.other Cell Wall en
dc.subject.other Flow Cytometry en
dc.subject.other Fluoresceins en
dc.subject.other Fluorescent Dyes en
dc.subject.other Hydrogen-Ion Concentration en
dc.subject.other Phenotype en
dc.subject.other Propidium en
dc.subject.other Streptococcus en
dc.subject.other Streptococcus macedonicus en
dc.title Acid tolerance of Streptococcus macedonicus as assessed by flow cytometry and single-cell sorting en
heal.type journalArticle en
heal.identifier.primary 10.1128/AEM.01244-06 en
heal.publicationDate 2007 en
heal.abstract An in situ flow cytometric viability assay employing carboxyfluorescein diacetate and propidium iodide was used to identify Streptococcus macedonicus acid tolerance phenotypes. The logarithmic-phase acid tolerance response (L-ATR) was evident when cells were (i) left to autoacidify unbuffered medium, (ii) transiently exposed to nonlethal acidic pH, or (iii) systematically grown under suboptimal acidic conditions (acid habituation). Stationary-phase ATR was also detected; this phenotype was gradually degenerated while cells resided at this phase. Single-cell analysis of S. macedonicus during induction of L-ATR revealed heterogeneity in both the ability and the rate of tolerance acquisition within clonal populations. L-ATR was found to be partially dependent on de novo protein synthesis and compositional changes of the cell envelope. Interestingly, acid-habituated cells were interlaced in lengthier chains and exhibited an irregular pattern of active peptidoglycan biosynthesis sites when probed with BODIPY FL vancomycin. L-ATR caused cells to retain their membrane potential after lethal challenge, as judged by ratiometric analysis with oxonol [DiBAC4(3)]. Furthermore, F-ATPase was important during the induction of L-ATR, but in the case of a fully launched response, inhibition of F-ATPase affected acid resistance only partially. Activities of both F-ATPase and the glucose-specific phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphotransferase system were increased after L-ATR induction, distinguishing S. macedonicus from oral streptococci. Finally, the in situ viability assessment was compared to medium-based recovery after single-cell sorting, revealing that the culturability of subpopulations with identical fluorescence characteristics is dependent on the treatments imposed to the cells prior to acid challenge. Copyright © 2007, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. en
heal.journalName Applied and Environmental Microbiology en
dc.identifier.issue 2 en
dc.identifier.volume 73 en
dc.identifier.doi 10.1128/AEM.01244-06 en
dc.identifier.spage 465 en
dc.identifier.epage 476 en


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