Off-label use of antidepressant, anticonvulsant, and antipsychotic medications among Georgia Medicaid Enrollees in 2001

dc.contributor.author	Chen, H	en
dc.contributor.author	Reeves, JH	en
dc.contributor.author	Fincham, JE	en
dc.contributor.author	Kennedy, WK	en
dc.contributor.author	Dorfman, JH	en
dc.contributor.author	Martin, BC	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-06-06T06:46:49Z
dc.date.available	2014-06-06T06:46:49Z
dc.date.issued	2006	en
dc.identifier.issn	01606689	en
dc.identifier.uri	http://62.217.125.90/xmlui/handle/123456789/3218
dc.relation.uri	http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33745881360&partnerID=40&md5=64fe9e8cc967ec8f84d0f8052bc90bcf	en
dc.subject.other	acetazolamide	en
dc.subject.other	amitriptyline	en
dc.subject.other	anticonvulsive agent	en
dc.subject.other	antidepressant agent	en
dc.subject.other	carbamazepine	en
dc.subject.other	clonazepam	en
dc.subject.other	clorazepate	en
dc.subject.other	diazepam	en
dc.subject.other	ethosuximide	en
dc.subject.other	etiracetam	en
dc.subject.other	felbamate	en
dc.subject.other	fluoxetine	en
dc.subject.other	fosphenytoin sodium	en
dc.subject.other	gabapentin	en
dc.subject.other	haloperidol	en
dc.subject.other	lamotrigine	en
dc.subject.other	lorazepam	en
dc.subject.other	neuroleptic agent	en
dc.subject.other	olanzapine	en
dc.subject.other	paroxetine	en
dc.subject.other	phenytoin	en
dc.subject.other	prochlorperazine	en
dc.subject.other	quetiapine	en
dc.subject.other	risperidone	en
dc.subject.other	serotonin uptake inhibitor	en
dc.subject.other	sertraline	en
dc.subject.other	trazodone	en
dc.subject.other	tricyclic antidepressant agent	en
dc.subject.other	unindexed drug	en
dc.subject.other	valproate semisodium	en
dc.subject.other	adult	en
dc.subject.other	aged	en
dc.subject.other	article	en
dc.subject.other	comorbidity	en
dc.subject.other	controlled study	en
dc.subject.other	demography	en
dc.subject.other	depression	en
dc.subject.other	drug labeling	en
dc.subject.other	female	en
dc.subject.other	human	en
dc.subject.other	logistic regression analysis	en
dc.subject.other	major clinical study	en
dc.subject.other	male	en
dc.subject.other	medicaid	en
dc.subject.other	prescription	en
dc.subject.other	prevalence	en
dc.subject.other	priority journal	en
dc.subject.other	psychosis	en
dc.subject.other	retrospective study	en
dc.subject.other	risk factor	en
dc.subject.other	Adolescent	en
dc.subject.other	Adult	en
dc.subject.other	Aged	en
dc.subject.other	Anticonvulsants	en
dc.subject.other	Antidepressive Agents	en
dc.subject.other	Antipsychotic Agents	en
dc.subject.other	Drug Labeling	en
dc.subject.other	Female	en
dc.subject.other	Georgia	en
dc.subject.other	Humans	en
dc.subject.other	Male	en
dc.subject.other	Medicaid	en
dc.subject.other	Middle Aged	en
dc.subject.other	Retrospective Studies	en
dc.title	Off-label use of antidepressant, anticonvulsant, and antipsychotic medications among Georgia Medicaid Enrollees in 2001	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.publicationDate	2006	en
heal.abstract	Objectives: To determine the prevalence of and factors associated with the off-label use of antidepressant, anticonvulsant, and antipsychotic medications. Method: A retrospective analysis of Georgia Medicaid recipients was conducted. Recipients prescribed antidepressant, anticonvulsant, or antipsychotic medications were identified. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with off-label use. Results: A total of 46,976 (75.42%) antidepressant recipients, 38,497 (80.12%) anticonvulsant recipients, and 21,252 (63.62%) antipsychotic recipients received at least 1 of these medications off-label in 2001. The likelihood of receiving off-label medications increased remarkably with advancing age (≥ 65 vs. < 65 years: antidepressant: OR = 5.15, 95% CI = 4.76 to 5.56; anticonvulsant: OR = 4.54, 95% CI = 4.16 to 4.96; antipsychotic: OR = 5.21, 95% CI = 4.82 to 5.63). Although receiving new anticonvulsants launched after 1993 was the strongest predictor (OR = 7.63, 95% CI = 7.07 to 8.23) of receiving off-label anticonvulsant medications, exposure to newer antidepressants and antipsychotics did not confer a higher chance of receiving off-label medications (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors vs. tricyclic antidepressants: OR = 0.43, 95% CI = 0.40 to 0.45; atypical vs. conventional antipsychotics: OR = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.72 to 0.80). Conclusions: The off-label use of antidepressant, anticonvulsant, and antipsychotic medications is highly prevalent. Further research to study the effects of off-label use among this high risk subpopulation may be an important step toward defining the scope of and potential for such use.	en
heal.journalName	Journal of Clinical Psychiatry	en
dc.identifier.issue	6	en
dc.identifier.volume	67	en
dc.identifier.spage	972	en
dc.identifier.epage	982	en