Bacterial diversity in spent mushroom compost assessed by amplified rDNA restriction analysis and sequencing of cultivated isolates

dc.contributor.author	Ntougias, S	en
dc.contributor.author	Zervakis, GI	en
dc.contributor.author	Kavroulakis, N	en
dc.contributor.author	Ehaliotis, C	en
dc.contributor.author	Papadopoulou, KK	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-06-06T06:45:54Z
dc.date.available	2014-06-06T06:45:54Z
dc.date.issued	2004	en
dc.identifier.issn	07232020	en
dc.identifier.uri	http://dx.doi.org/10.1078/0723202042369857	en
dc.identifier.uri	http://62.217.125.90/xmlui/handle/123456789/2705
dc.subject	β-Proteobacteria	en
dc.subject	16S rDNA	en
dc.subject	Actinobacteria	en
dc.subject	Agaricus	en
dc.subject	ARDRA	en
dc.subject	Bacteroidetes	en
dc.subject	Firmicutes	en
dc.subject	Mushroom cultivation	en
dc.subject	Pasteurization	en
dc.subject.other	Actinobacteria	en
dc.subject.other	agriculture	en
dc.subject.other	amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis	en
dc.subject.other	Arthrobacter	en
dc.subject.other	article	en
dc.subject.other	Bacillus	en
dc.subject.other	bacterium identification	en
dc.subject.other	bacterium isolate	en
dc.subject.other	Bacteroides	en
dc.subject.other	Brevibacterium	en
dc.subject.other	Carnobacterium	en
dc.subject.other	colony forming unit	en
dc.subject.other	Comamonas	en
dc.subject.other	compost	en
dc.subject.other	controlled study	en
dc.subject.other	culture medium	en
dc.subject.other	DNA sequence	en
dc.subject.other	gene sequence	en
dc.subject.other	Gram negative bacterium	en
dc.subject.other	Gram positive bacterium	en
dc.subject.other	insect	en
dc.subject.other	microbial diversity	en
dc.subject.other	microbial population dynamics	en
dc.subject.other	mushroom	en
dc.subject.other	Mycobacterium	en
dc.subject.other	nonhuman	en
dc.subject.other	nucleotide sequence	en
dc.subject.other	Paenibacillus	en
dc.subject.other	priority journal	en
dc.subject.other	sequence analysis	en
dc.subject.other	soil microflora	en
dc.subject.other	species cultivation	en
dc.subject.other	Staphylococcus	en
dc.subject.other	Agaricus	en
dc.subject.other	Bacteria	en
dc.subject.other	Biodiversity	en
dc.subject.other	Colony Count, Microbial	en
dc.subject.other	DNA, Bacterial	en
dc.subject.other	DNA, Ribosomal	en
dc.subject.other	Genes, rRNA	en
dc.subject.other	Gentian Violet	en
dc.subject.other	Molecular Sequence Data	en
dc.subject.other	Phenazines	en
dc.subject.other	Phylogeny	en
dc.subject.other	RNA, Bacterial	en
dc.subject.other	RNA, Ribosomal, 16S	en
dc.subject.other	Sequence Analysis, DNA	en
dc.subject.other	Soil	en
dc.subject.other	Soil Microbiology	en
dc.subject.other	Actinobacteria	en
dc.subject.other	Agaricus	en
dc.subject.other	Animalia	en
dc.subject.other	Arthrobacter	en
dc.subject.other	Bacteria (microorganisms)	en
dc.subject.other	Bacteroides	en
dc.subject.other	Bacteroidetes	en
dc.subject.other	Basidiomycota	en
dc.subject.other	Betaproteobacteria	en
dc.subject.other	Brevibacterium	en
dc.subject.other	Carnobacterium	en
dc.subject.other	Comamonas	en
dc.subject.other	Desemzia	en
dc.subject.other	Exiguobacterium	en
dc.subject.other	Firmicutes	en
dc.subject.other	Hexapoda	en
dc.subject.other	Insecta	en
dc.subject.other	Microbacterium	en
dc.subject.other	Mycobacterium	en
dc.subject.other	Negibacteria	en
dc.subject.other	Otus	en
dc.subject.other	Paenibacillus	en
dc.subject.other	Posibacteria	en
dc.subject.other	Proteobacteria	en
dc.subject.other	Sphingobacterium	en
dc.subject.other	Staphylococcus	en
dc.title	Bacterial diversity in spent mushroom compost assessed by amplified rDNA restriction analysis and sequencing of cultivated isolates	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1078/0723202042369857	en
heal.publicationDate	2004	en
heal.abstract	Spent mushroom compost (SMC) is the residual by-product of commercial Agaricus spp. cultivation, and it is mainly composed of a thermally treated cereal straw/animal manure mixture colonized by the fungal biomass. Research on the valorization of this material is mainly focusing on its use as soil conditioner and plant fertilizer. An investigation of the bacterial diversity in SMC was performed using molecular techniques in order to reveal the origin of SMC microflora and its potential effect on soil microbial communities after incorporation into agricultural soils. The bacterial population was estimated by the plate count method to a mean of 2.7 109 colony forming units (cfu) per g of dry weight, while the numbers of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were 1.9 109 and 4.9 108 cfu per g dw respectively as estimated by enumeration on semi-selective media. Fifty bacterial isolates were classified into 14 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) following ARDRA-PCR of the 16S rDNA gene. Sequencing of the 16S rDNA amplicon assigned 12 of the 14 OTUs to Gram-positive bacteria, associated with the genera Bacillus, Paenibacillus, Exiguobacterium, Staphylococcus, Desemzia, Carnobacterium, Brevibacterium, Arthrobacter and Microbacterium of the bacterial divisions Firmicutes and Actinobacteria. Two bacterial groups have phylogenetic links with the genera Comamonas and Sphingobacterium, which belong to β-Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes respectively. Two potentially novel bacteria are reported, which are associated with the genera Bacillus and Microbacterium. Most of the bacteria identified are of environmental origin, while strains related to species usually isolated from insects, animal and clinical sources were also detected. It appears that bacterial diversity in SMC is greatly affected by the origin of the initial material, its thermal pasteurization treatment and the potential unintended colonization of the mushroom substrate during the cultivation process.	en
heal.journalName	Systematic and Applied Microbiology	en
dc.identifier.issue	6	en
dc.identifier.volume	27	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1078/0723202042369857	en
dc.identifier.spage	746	en
dc.identifier.epage	754	en