Tracing the history of an enzyme polymorphism: The case of alcohol dehydrogenase-2 (Adh-2) of the olive fruit fly bactrocera oleae

dc.contributor.author	Goulielmos, GN	en
dc.contributor.author	Cosmidis, N	en
dc.contributor.author	Theodorakopoulou, ME	en
dc.contributor.author	Loukas, M	en
dc.contributor.author	Zouros, E	en
dc.date.accessioned	2014-06-06T06:45:38Z
dc.date.available	2014-06-06T06:45:38Z
dc.date.issued	2003	en
dc.identifier.issn	07374038	en
dc.identifier.uri	http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msg033	en
dc.identifier.uri	http://62.217.125.90/xmlui/handle/123456789/2550
dc.subject	Alcohol dehydrogenase	en
dc.subject	Amino acid polymorphism	en
dc.subject	Olive fruit fly	en
dc.subject.other	alcohol dehydrogenase	en
dc.subject.other	alcohol dehydrogenase 2	en
dc.subject.other	unclassified drug	en
dc.subject.other	allele	en
dc.subject.other	amino acid sequence	en
dc.subject.other	article	en
dc.subject.other	Bactrocera oleae	en
dc.subject.other	controlled study	en
dc.subject.other	electrophoresis	en
dc.subject.other	enzyme isolation	en
dc.subject.other	enzyme polymorphism	en
dc.subject.other	fly	en
dc.subject.other	gene duplication	en
dc.subject.other	gene frequency	en
dc.subject.other	gene locus	en
dc.subject.other	gene mapping	en
dc.subject.other	geographic distribution	en
dc.subject.other	insect genetics	en
dc.subject.other	nonhuman	en
dc.subject.other	nucleotide sequence	en
dc.subject.other	phylogeny	en
dc.subject.other	Alcohol Dehydrogenase	en
dc.subject.other	Alleles	en
dc.subject.other	Amino Acid Sequence	en
dc.subject.other	Animals	en
dc.subject.other	Base Sequence	en
dc.subject.other	Diptera	en
dc.subject.other	Isoenzymes	en
dc.subject.other	Larva	en
dc.subject.other	Molecular Sequence Data	en
dc.subject.other	Phylogeny	en
dc.subject.other	Polymorphism, Genetic	en
dc.subject.other	Selection (Genetics)	en
dc.subject.other	Sequence Alignment	en
dc.subject.other	Sequence Homology, Amino Acid	en
dc.subject.other	Arachnida	en
dc.subject.other	Bactrocera oleae	en
dc.subject.other	Drosophila melanogaster	en
dc.subject.other	Hexapoda	en
dc.subject.other	Insecta	en
dc.title	Tracing the history of an enzyme polymorphism: The case of alcohol dehydrogenase-2 (Adh-2) of the olive fruit fly bactrocera oleae	en
heal.type	journalArticle	en
heal.identifier.primary	10.1093/molbev/msg033	en
heal.publicationDate	2003	en
heal.abstract	In the olive fruit fly Bactrocera oleae, previous studies have described a one-locus three-allele electrophoretic polymorphism of the enzyme alcohol dehydrogenase and provided evidence that the polymorphism is under the influence of selection. A recent study has shown that this species carries a two-locus duplication for alcohol dehydrogenase. Here, we show that the polymorphism maps at one of the duplicated loci, Adh2, and identify the nucleotide and, therefore, the inferred amino acid differences among the three allozymes. At the amino acid level, the polymorphism is of the simplest possible form: there is no intra-allozyme variation, and interallozyme differences are restricted to one amino acid for two pairs of alleles and to two amino acids for the third pair. Consideration of the amino acid residues at the sites that segregate in B. oleae in four congeneric species and the phylogenetic trees produced from the nucleotide sequences of the Adh2 gene of these species point to the same allozyme as the ancestral form of the polymorphism. Interestingly, this allozyme comprises less than 1% of the gene pool of present-day natural populations of B. oleae, where the other two allozymes appear to form a stable polymorphism. Previous studies have shown that the frequency of the rare allozyme rises rapidly in laboratory colonies maintained on artificial diet and declines again when the artificial diet is replaced with olive fruit, the natural substrate of B. oleae. The geographical distribution of several congeneric species suggests that B. oleae originated in the Indian subcontinent, where the olive tree is practically absent. The poor performance of the ancestral allele on the olive fruit suggests the possibility that the decline of this allele and the concomitant rise of the presently common alleles might be associated with the expansion of the insect's geographical distribution to areas where the olive tree has become its main and perhaps sole host. The estimated age of the polymorphism is compatible with this hypothesis, but firmer support could be difficult to obtain.	en
heal.journalName	Molecular Biology and Evolution	en
dc.identifier.issue	3	en
dc.identifier.volume	20	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1093/molbev/msg033	en
dc.identifier.spage	293	en
dc.identifier.epage	306	en