| heal.abstract |
Peneos is the mainstream for the drainage of Thessaly's basin. It contributes significantly in recharging the aquifers, as well as to the direct irrigation water, since there is intense agricultural activity in the basin of Thessaly. The investigation of the hydrochemical conditions of the surface water system of Peneos showed that the chemical composition is related to the lithology of the aquifers of the basin, the anthropogenic influence and the biological activity. The chemical composition of this system changes in time and space. The salinity decreases during the winter period, in contrast to the summer period when it increases drastically. The lower values of TDS appear in the upstream part of the river (95-124 mg/l) whereas downstream, the values of TDS increase significantly (400-632 mg/l). The hydrochemical type Ca-Mg-HCO3 dominates the largest part of the river while it changes to NA-Cl in the estuary. The concentrations of the dissolved species in the main Peneos river are higher than in the spring waters. Peneos is the most polluted river in Greece. The concentration of the pollutants is higher at the downstream part of the river, but is lower than the accepted upper limits. The use of the surface water of the system of Peneos river for irrigation purposes based on the SAR factor is acceptable because the absorption ratio for Na and salinity are low and medium respectively.Peneos is the mainstream for the drainage of Thessaly's basin. It contributes significantly in recharging the aquifers, as well as to the direct irrigation water, since there is intense agricultural activity in the basin of Thessaly. The investigation of the hydrochemical conditions of the surface water system of Peneos showed that the chemical composition is related to the lithology of the aquifers of the basin, the anthropogenic influence and the biological activity. The chemical composition of this system changes in time and space. The salinity decreases during the winter period, in contrast to the summer period when it increases drastically. The lower values of TDS appear in the upstream part of the river (95-124 mg/l) whereas down-stream, the values of TDS increase significantly (400-632 mg/l). The hydrochemical type Ca-Mg-HCO3 dominates the largest part of the river while it changes to NA-Cl in the estuary. The concentrations of the dissolved species in the main Peneos river are higher than in the spring waters. Peneos is the most polluted river in Greece. The concentration of the pollutants is higher at the downstream part of the river, but is lower than the accepted upper limits. The use of the surface water of the system of Peneos river for irrigation purposes based on the SAR factor is acceptable because the absorption ratio for Na and salinity are low and medium respectively. |
en |